category: 最近のニュースから
DATE : 2006/05/01 (Mon)
DATE : 2006/05/01 (Mon)
大学院抜本改革の記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現を _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。自分なりに編集している箇所もあります。
より良い研究（学習）環境
a better study environment
より良い研究環境を作る
to create a better study environment
大学院生
graduate students
若い研究者
young researchers
大学院生や若い研究者のためにより良い研究環境を作る
to create a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers
文部科学省
the Education, Science and Technology Ministry
the Education Ministry
５ヵ年計画
a five-year program
a five-year project
「大学院教育振興施策要綱」
"An Outlook of Measures Necessary for the Promotion of Postgraduate Education"
文部科学省は「大学院教育振興施策要綱」という５ヵ年計画を発表した。
The Education Ministry has announced a five-year program called "An Outlook of Measures Necessary for the Promotion of Postgraduate Education."
この計画は、大学院生や若い研究者のためにより良い研究環境を作ることを目的としている。
The program/project is aimed at creating a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers.
国際競争力
international competitiveness
日本の国際競争力
Japan's internatnional competitiveness
国際競争力を向上させる
to stimulate international competitiveness
日本の国際競争力を高める
to boos Japan's international competitiveness
The Education Ministry is planning to creat a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers.
～は～するためのもの
～ is meant to ～
この計画は～するためのもの
The programn is meant to～
「講座制」
"the academic unit system"
※ 「講座制」とは、専門分野ごとに講座を設け、教授を頂点に助教授、助手らを配置して教育研究を進める制度。
Under the academic unit system, the head professer in each specialty has a dominant say over assistant professers and other research assistants in his unint regarding personnel affairs and research methods.
従来の「講座制」
the conventional "academic unit system"
"徒弟制度"
"the apprenticeship-like system"
apprentice = a young person who works for an employer for a fixed period of time in order to learn the particular skills needed in their job
○ an appretice electricial/chef
見習い、（史）徒弟
apprenticeship = a period of time working as an apprentice; a job as an apprentice
※ 発音はアプレンティシップです。アプレンティスシップではありません。
○ She was in the second year of apprenticesbip as a carpenter
○ She had served his apprenticeship as a plumber.
以下読売新聞記事からの抜粋：
日本の大学院はこれまで教育より研究を重視する傾向が強く、研究室では大学院生や若手研究者が教授の手伝いを通じ、自然に知識を身につけるという「徒弟修行」の考え方が根強く残っていた。
この制度の元で、大学院生と若い研究者は教授の助手となり専門知識を身につけることになっている。
Under the system, graduate students and young researchers are supposed to acquire expert knowledge by being assistants to senior professors.
この制度を廃止する
to end the system
to abolish the system
この計画はこの制度を廃止するためのもの。
The program is meant to end the system.
教授
professors
※ 階層の中でトップに立つ教授という意味では the head professor
助教授
assistant professors
助手
research assistants
教授が若い研究者をこき使う
A professor bosses around younger researchers.
boss around = to tell sb to do things, give them orders etc, especially when you have no authority to do it
A professer bosses around younger researchers under the system.
教授のために雑務をさせられるとこぼす人もいる。
Some are complaining that they are made to do odd jobs for their professors.
odd jobs = small jobs of various types
○ to do odd jobs around the house
教授が勝手に自分の研究内容を決めてしまうとぼやく人もいる。
Others are complaining that their head professors monopolizes decisions on the content of their research.
教授の低賃金労働力として使われている感じがするとこぼす人もいる。
Some are complaining that they feel like they are treated as low-paid employees of professors.
大学院の質
the quality of graduate schools
大学院の質を高める
to enhance the quality of graduate schools
教育研究体制
education-research systems
新たな教育研究体制を作る
to create new education-research systemts
これによって各大学・大学院は新たな教育研究体制を作ることができる。
It allows universities to create new education-research systems.
助教授の職務が廃止されるて準教授の職務が新設される。
The post of assistant professors will be abolished and replaced by the new post of associate professors.
準教授
associate professors
財界
the business community
the business sector
The business community has criticized the system for lacking flexibility in allowing academic knowledge to be applied for industrial purposes.
より良い研究（学習）環境
a better study environment
より良い研究環境を作る
to create a better study environment
大学院生
graduate students
若い研究者
young researchers
大学院生や若い研究者のためにより良い研究環境を作る
to create a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers
文部科学省
the Education, Science and Technology Ministry
the Education Ministry
５ヵ年計画
a five-year program
a five-year project
「大学院教育振興施策要綱」
"An Outlook of Measures Necessary for the Promotion of Postgraduate Education"
文部科学省は「大学院教育振興施策要綱」という５ヵ年計画を発表した。
The Education Ministry has announced a five-year program called "An Outlook of Measures Necessary for the Promotion of Postgraduate Education."
この計画は、大学院生や若い研究者のためにより良い研究環境を作ることを目的としている。
The program/project is aimed at creating a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers.
国際競争力
international competitiveness
日本の国際競争力
Japan's internatnional competitiveness
国際競争力を向上させる
to stimulate international competitiveness
日本の国際競争力を高める
to boos Japan's international competitiveness
The Education Ministry is planning to creat a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers.
～は～するためのもの
～ is meant to ～
この計画は～するためのもの
The programn is meant to～
「講座制」
"the academic unit system"
※ 「講座制」とは、専門分野ごとに講座を設け、教授を頂点に助教授、助手らを配置して教育研究を進める制度。
Under the academic unit system, the head professer in each specialty has a dominant say over assistant professers and other research assistants in his unint regarding personnel affairs and research methods.
従来の「講座制」
the conventional "academic unit system"
"徒弟制度"
"the apprenticeship-like system"
apprentice = a young person who works for an employer for a fixed period of time in order to learn the particular skills needed in their job
○ an appretice electricial/chef
見習い、（史）徒弟
apprenticeship = a period of time working as an apprentice; a job as an apprentice
※ 発音はアプレンティシップです。アプレンティスシップではありません。
○ She was in the second year of apprenticesbip as a carpenter
○ She had served his apprenticeship as a plumber.
以下読売新聞記事からの抜粋：
日本の大学院はこれまで教育より研究を重視する傾向が強く、研究室では大学院生や若手研究者が教授の手伝いを通じ、自然に知識を身につけるという「徒弟修行」の考え方が根強く残っていた。
この制度の元で、大学院生と若い研究者は教授の助手となり専門知識を身につけることになっている。
Under the system, graduate students and young researchers are supposed to acquire expert knowledge by being assistants to senior professors.
この制度を廃止する
to end the system
to abolish the system
この計画はこの制度を廃止するためのもの。
The program is meant to end the system.
教授
professors
※ 階層の中でトップに立つ教授という意味では the head professor
助教授
assistant professors
助手
research assistants
教授が若い研究者をこき使う
A professor bosses around younger researchers.
boss around = to tell sb to do things, give them orders etc, especially when you have no authority to do it
A professer bosses around younger researchers under the system.
教授のために雑務をさせられるとこぼす人もいる。
Some are complaining that they are made to do odd jobs for their professors.
odd jobs = small jobs of various types
○ to do odd jobs around the house
教授が勝手に自分の研究内容を決めてしまうとぼやく人もいる。
Others are complaining that their head professors monopolizes decisions on the content of their research.
教授の低賃金労働力として使われている感じがするとこぼす人もいる。
Some are complaining that they feel like they are treated as low-paid employees of professors.
大学院の質
the quality of graduate schools
大学院の質を高める
to enhance the quality of graduate schools
教育研究体制
education-research systems
新たな教育研究体制を作る
to create new education-research systemts
これによって各大学・大学院は新たな教育研究体制を作ることができる。
It allows universities to create new education-research systems.
助教授の職務が廃止されるて準教授の職務が新設される。
The post of assistant professors will be abolished and replaced by the new post of associate professors.
準教授
associate professors
財界
the business community
the business sector
The business community has criticized the system for lacking flexibility in allowing academic knowledge to be applied for industrial purposes.
PR
category: 最近のニュースから
DATE : 2006/04/30 (Sun)
DATE : 2006/04/30 (Sun)
「自衛隊・防衛問題に関する世論調査」の結果についての記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。自分なりに少し編集している箇所もあります。
日本人の約４５％が、日本が戦争に巻き込まれる危険性があると感じている。
About 45 persent of Japanese feel that Japan is at risk of being involved in a war.
～の危険性がある
be at risk of ～
at risk = in danger of sth unpleasant or harmful happening
内閣府
the Cabinet Office
世論調査
an opinion survey
an opinion poll
a poll
自衛隊
the Self Defense Forces
the SDF
防衛問題
defense affairs
affairs = [PUBLIC / POLITICAL ACTIVITIES] [pl.] events that are of public interest or political imoportance
○ world / international / business affairs
○ an expers on foreign affairs (=political events in other countries)
current affairs = [pl.] events of political or social importance that are happening now
内閣府による「自衛隊・防衛問題に関する世論調査」によると
According to the Cabine Office's opinion survey about the Self Defence Forces and defense affairs
前回2003年調査より1.8％増加した。
The figure was 1.8 percentage points higher than the previous survey in 2003 (and the highest since the survey, which is conducted every three years, was statred by the Cabinet Office since 1969).
この調査は1969年から３年ごとに実地されている。
The surver has been conducted every three years since 1969.
「３年ごと」は every three years の他に every third year ともいえるようです。
緊張
tension
tension = [U, C, usually pl.] a situation in which people do not trust each other, or feel unfriendly towards each other, and which may cause them to attack each other
○ There is mounting tension along the border.
○ international / racial / political tensions
○ Family tensions and conflicts may lead to violence.
国際的な緊張や対立
internatioal tension and conflicts
※ 英文記事では international tension と -s なしでした。
国連
the United Nations
国連の機能が不十分
The United Nations is ineffective
自衛力が不十分
Japan's defence capability is insufficient
日本の平和と安全
Japan's peace and security
朝鮮半島
the Korean Peninsula
朝鮮半島情勢
the situation on the Krean Peninsula
Some people think the greatest risk for war is internatnial tension and conflicts
国際テロ組織
internation terrorist organizations
中国の軍事力の近代化や海洋における活動
China's military buil-up and maritime activities
復興支援活動
reconstruction projects
イラク南部サマワでの復興支援活動
reconstruction porjects in Samawa, sothern Iraq
自衛隊に対する印象
(their) image of the SDF
防衛政策
defense policies
国民が国を守るという気持ち
a spirit that people should protect their nation
Some poeole think it is necessary to discuss defense policies in education to foster a spirit that people should protect their nation.
～に関心がある
be concerned about / with ～
※ 私は concerned と聞くといつも「心配している」という意味だと思ってしまいますが、concerned には「心配している」という意味と、「（何かが重要だと思っていて）関心がある」という２つの意味があるんですよね。
concerned = [THINK STH IS IMPORTANT] believing that sth is important; interested in sth
○ Many politicians are more concerned with power and control than with the good of the peolple.
○ They are more concerned with tourism than with preservation of the ruins.
○ These days people are concerned about good nutrition.
日本人の約４５％が、日本が戦争に巻き込まれる危険性があると感じている。
About 45 persent of Japanese feel that Japan is at risk of being involved in a war.
～の危険性がある
be at risk of ～
at risk = in danger of sth unpleasant or harmful happening
内閣府
the Cabinet Office
世論調査
an opinion survey
an opinion poll
a poll
自衛隊
the Self Defense Forces
the SDF
防衛問題
defense affairs
affairs = [PUBLIC / POLITICAL ACTIVITIES] [pl.] events that are of public interest or political imoportance
○ world / international / business affairs
○ an expers on foreign affairs (=political events in other countries)
current affairs = [pl.] events of political or social importance that are happening now
内閣府による「自衛隊・防衛問題に関する世論調査」によると
According to the Cabine Office's opinion survey about the Self Defence Forces and defense affairs
前回2003年調査より1.8％増加した。
The figure was 1.8 percentage points higher than the previous survey in 2003 (and the highest since the survey, which is conducted every three years, was statred by the Cabinet Office since 1969).
この調査は1969年から３年ごとに実地されている。
The surver has been conducted every three years since 1969.
「３年ごと」は every three years の他に every third year ともいえるようです。
緊張
tension
tension = [U, C, usually pl.] a situation in which people do not trust each other, or feel unfriendly towards each other, and which may cause them to attack each other
○ There is mounting tension along the border.
○ international / racial / political tensions
○ Family tensions and conflicts may lead to violence.
国際的な緊張や対立
internatioal tension and conflicts
※ 英文記事では international tension と -s なしでした。
国連
the United Nations
国連の機能が不十分
The United Nations is ineffective
自衛力が不十分
Japan's defence capability is insufficient
日本の平和と安全
Japan's peace and security
朝鮮半島
the Korean Peninsula
朝鮮半島情勢
the situation on the Krean Peninsula
Some people think the greatest risk for war is internatnial tension and conflicts
国際テロ組織
internation terrorist organizations
中国の軍事力の近代化や海洋における活動
China's military buil-up and maritime activities
復興支援活動
reconstruction projects
イラク南部サマワでの復興支援活動
reconstruction porjects in Samawa, sothern Iraq
自衛隊に対する印象
(their) image of the SDF
防衛政策
defense policies
国民が国を守るという気持ち
a spirit that people should protect their nation
Some poeole think it is necessary to discuss defense policies in education to foster a spirit that people should protect their nation.
～に関心がある
be concerned about / with ～
※ 私は concerned と聞くといつも「心配している」という意味だと思ってしまいますが、concerned には「心配している」という意味と、「（何かが重要だと思っていて）関心がある」という２つの意味があるんですよね。
concerned = [THINK STH IS IMPORTANT] believing that sth is important; interested in sth
○ Many politicians are more concerned with power and control than with the good of the peolple.
○ They are more concerned with tourism than with preservation of the ruins.
○ These days people are concerned about good nutrition.
category: 最近のニュースから
DATE : 2006/04/30 (Sun)
DATE : 2006/04/30 (Sun)
拉致問題関連の記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。自分なりに少し編集している箇所もあります。
～強く働きかける、圧力をかける、強く要求する、
to press～
北朝鮮に～するよう強く働きかける、圧力をかける、強く要求する
to press North Korea to～
～を引き渡す、返還する
to return～
拉致被害者
abductees
人権
human rights
人の尊厳、個人の尊厳
human dignity
人権と人の尊厳を尊重する
to respect human rights and human dignity
ブッシュ大統領は北朝鮮に、拉致被害者を引き渡し、人権を尊重するよう強く働きかけると約束した。
U.S. President Goearge W.Bush promised to press North Korea to return abductees and respect human rights.
亡命者
defectors
defect = to leave a political partym, country, etc. to join another that is consider to be an enemy
脱北者
North korean defecters
中国の日本領事館
a Japanese Consulate in China
彼らは中国の日本領事館を通じて韓国に逃亡した。
They fled to South Korea via a Japanese Consulate in China.
中国の日本領事館を通じて韓国に逃亡した脱北者
Nore Korean defecters who fled to South Korea via a Japanese Cosulate in China.
北朝鮮工作員
Nore Korean agents
横田めぐみさんは、1977年（私が生まれた歳）、13歳の頃、北朝鮮工作員に拉致された。
Megumi Yokota was abducted by Nore Korean agents at the age of 13 in 1977 (, which is the year when I was born).
拉致問題
the abduction issue
拉致問題を解決する
to resolve the abduction issue
金正日（キム・ジョンイル）
Kim Jong Il
ホワイトハウスの大統領執務質
the Oval Office
大統領執務室で
in the Oval Office
彼らは大統領執務室でブッシュ大統領と会った。
They met Bush in the Oval Office.
～強く働きかける、圧力をかける、強く要求する、
to press～
北朝鮮に～するよう強く働きかける、圧力をかける、強く要求する
to press North Korea to～
～を引き渡す、返還する
to return～
拉致被害者
abductees
人権
human rights
人の尊厳、個人の尊厳
human dignity
人権と人の尊厳を尊重する
to respect human rights and human dignity
ブッシュ大統領は北朝鮮に、拉致被害者を引き渡し、人権を尊重するよう強く働きかけると約束した。
U.S. President Goearge W.Bush promised to press North Korea to return abductees and respect human rights.
亡命者
defectors
defect = to leave a political partym, country, etc. to join another that is consider to be an enemy
脱北者
North korean defecters
中国の日本領事館
a Japanese Consulate in China
彼らは中国の日本領事館を通じて韓国に逃亡した。
They fled to South Korea via a Japanese Consulate in China.
中国の日本領事館を通じて韓国に逃亡した脱北者
Nore Korean defecters who fled to South Korea via a Japanese Cosulate in China.
北朝鮮工作員
Nore Korean agents
横田めぐみさんは、1977年（私が生まれた歳）、13歳の頃、北朝鮮工作員に拉致された。
Megumi Yokota was abducted by Nore Korean agents at the age of 13 in 1977 (, which is the year when I was born).
拉致問題
the abduction issue
拉致問題を解決する
to resolve the abduction issue
金正日（キム・ジョンイル）
Kim Jong Il
ホワイトハウスの大統領執務質
the Oval Office
大統領執務室で
in the Oval Office
彼らは大統領執務室でブッシュ大統領と会った。
They met Bush in the Oval Office.
category: 最近のニュースから
DATE : 2006/04/29 (Sat)
DATE : 2006/04/29 (Sat)
堀江被告関連の記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現を少し _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... してみました。過去に覚えた語句や表現も、記憶を定着させるために再度 _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しています。自分なりに編集している箇所もあります。
ライブドア前社長 堀江貴文
former Livedoor Co. Presiden Takafumi Horie
堀江被告はライブドア（の経営陣の中）にはもう戻らないと言ったらしい。
They say Horie has said that he will not return to the management of Livedoor.
※ management には、経営、経営陣、両方の意味がありますが、私は後者の意味で解釈しました。
management =
1.[U] the act of running and controlling a business or simlar organization
○ The report blames bad management.
○ a management training course
2.[C+sing./pl.v.,U] the people who run and control a business or similar organization
○ The management is/are considering closing the factory.
○ The shop is now under new management.
○ Most managements are keen to avoid strikes.
インターネット会社
an Internet firm
堀江被告は、「ライブドアの経営にかかわるつもりはない。」と言ったといわれている。
"I won't get involved in the management of Livedoor (in the future)," Horie was quoted as saying.
※ この be quoted as saying は新聞では頻繁にでてきます。ジーニアス英和辞典に以下の用例ででています。
○ He was quated as saying that he would run for the President.
（彼は大統領に立候補すると言ったと（新聞などに）出ていた。
東京の拘置所
a detention facility in Tokyo
東京拘置所
the Tokyo Detention House
the Tokyo Detention Center
彼は逮捕後、社長を辞任した。
He stepped down as president after the arrest.
彼は「少し生き急ぎすぎたかな。」と言ったといわれている。
He was quoted as saying "I might have been (a little) too hasty in living my life (until now)."
公判
trial
trial = [U,C] a formal examination of evidence in a court of law by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not
○ He is on trial for murder.
○ He is awaiting trial on corruption charges.
彼は公判の準備をしている。
He is preparing for trial.
公判は夏に行われる見込み
The trial is expected to take place in summer.
ライブドア前社長 堀江貴文
former Livedoor Co. Presiden Takafumi Horie
堀江被告はライブドア（の経営陣の中）にはもう戻らないと言ったらしい。
They say Horie has said that he will not return to the management of Livedoor.
※ management には、経営、経営陣、両方の意味がありますが、私は後者の意味で解釈しました。
management =
1.[U] the act of running and controlling a business or simlar organization
○ The report blames bad management.
○ a management training course
2.[C+sing./pl.v.,U] the people who run and control a business or similar organization
○ The management is/are considering closing the factory.
○ The shop is now under new management.
○ Most managements are keen to avoid strikes.
インターネット会社
an Internet firm
堀江被告は、「ライブドアの経営にかかわるつもりはない。」と言ったといわれている。
"I won't get involved in the management of Livedoor (in the future)," Horie was quoted as saying.
※ この be quoted as saying は新聞では頻繁にでてきます。ジーニアス英和辞典に以下の用例ででています。
○ He was quated as saying that he would run for the President.
（彼は大統領に立候補すると言ったと（新聞などに）出ていた。
東京の拘置所
a detention facility in Tokyo
東京拘置所
the Tokyo Detention House
the Tokyo Detention Center
彼は逮捕後、社長を辞任した。
He stepped down as president after the arrest.
彼は「少し生き急ぎすぎたかな。」と言ったといわれている。
He was quoted as saying "I might have been (a little) too hasty in living my life (until now)."
公判
trial
trial = [U,C] a formal examination of evidence in a court of law by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not
○ He is on trial for murder.
○ He is awaiting trial on corruption charges.
彼は公判の準備をしている。
He is preparing for trial.
公判は夏に行われる見込み
The trial is expected to take place in summer.
category: 最近のニュースから
DATE : 2006/04/29 (Sat)
DATE : 2006/04/29 (Sat)
教育基本法改正案に関する記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... してみました。
教育基本法
the Fundamental Law of Education
法案
a bill
～を改正する
to revise
to amend
revise = to change sth, such as a book or an estimate, in order to correct or improve it
amend = [vn] to change a law, document, statement, etc. slightly in order to correct a mistake or improve it
現行法
the present (education) law
the current (education) law
現行法は1947年に制定された。
The current law was established in 1947.
現行法は第二次世界大戦後まもなく制定された。
The current law was enacted shortly after World War Ⅱ.
現行法には「愛国心」が明記されていない。
The present law does not mention "patriotism."
mention = to write or speak about sth/sb, especially without giving much information
国会
the Diet
国会に提出する
to submit to the Diet
閣議
a Cabinet meeting
法案は金曜の閣議で決定した。
The bill was approved at Friday's Cabinet meeting (for submission to the Diet).
18条
18 articles
The bill contains 18 articles, adding and updating some notions of the Fundamental Law of Education.
前文
preamble
preamble = [C,U] (formal) an introduction to a book or a written document
○ The aim of the treaty is stated in its preamble.
前文で
in its preamble
公共の精神
public spirit
日本の伝統
Japanese traditions
tradition = [C,U] a belief, custom or way of doing sth that has existed for a long time among a particular group of people:a set of these belief or customs
※ tradition は可算・不可算両方の形がある。
○ The british are said to love tradition.
○ There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve.
愛国心
patriotism
a sense of patriotism
a spirit of patriotism
若者に愛国心を教え込む
to instill a sense of patriotism in the young.
伝統と文化を尊重する態度
an attitde that respects tradition and culture
※ culture も可算・不可算両方の形がある。
culture = [U] the customs and beliefs, art, way of life and social organization of a particular country or group
○ European / Islamic / American culture
culture = [C] a country, group, etc. with its own beliefs, etc
○ The children are taught to respect different cultures.
伝統の尊重
respect for tradition
※ 尊重の意味では不可算名詞。respect には ADMIRATION、CONSIDERATION その他の意味がありますが、ここでは CONSIDERATION の意味になるでしょうか。正確には分かりません。。
respect =
1. ADMIRATION [U] when you admire someone, especially because of their personal qualities, knowledge, or skills
○ I have the greatest respect for Jane's work.
2. CONSIDERATION [U] when you regard something or someone as improtant and are careful not to harm them, treat them rudely etc
○ He has no respect for her feelings.
○ Everyone has a right to be treated with respect.
表記する
to define
The government submitted a bill to the Diet Friday that will revise the Fundamental Law of Education for the first time since its enactment in 1947 to include fostering "patriotism."
While the bill retains the wording of "on the basis of the spirit of the Constitution" in its preamble, it adds calls for "public spirit and respect for tradition," and a newly defined notion of "patriotism" in one article.
The bill defines patriotism as "an attitude that respects tradition and culture, loves the nation and homeland that have fostered them, respects other countries and contributes to international peace and development.
The current education law says in its preamble that education must respect individual dignity, aim at raising people who will aspire for truth and peace, and seek universal and characteristic culture.
Conservative groups say the law, enacted shorlty after Word War Ⅱ, fails to usrge educators in their work to encourage a spirt of patriotism and respect for tradition, and have long called for it to be revised.
Opponents argue that a revision might lead to a revival of the sort of nationalism that led to militarism before and during the war.
教育基本法
the Fundamental Law of Education
法案
a bill
～を改正する
to revise
to amend
revise = to change sth, such as a book or an estimate, in order to correct or improve it
amend = [vn] to change a law, document, statement, etc. slightly in order to correct a mistake or improve it
現行法
the present (education) law
the current (education) law
現行法は1947年に制定された。
The current law was established in 1947.
現行法は第二次世界大戦後まもなく制定された。
The current law was enacted shortly after World War Ⅱ.
現行法には「愛国心」が明記されていない。
The present law does not mention "patriotism."
mention = to write or speak about sth/sb, especially without giving much information
国会
the Diet
国会に提出する
to submit to the Diet
閣議
a Cabinet meeting
法案は金曜の閣議で決定した。
The bill was approved at Friday's Cabinet meeting (for submission to the Diet).
18条
18 articles
The bill contains 18 articles, adding and updating some notions of the Fundamental Law of Education.
前文
preamble
preamble = [C,U] (formal) an introduction to a book or a written document
○ The aim of the treaty is stated in its preamble.
前文で
in its preamble
公共の精神
public spirit
日本の伝統
Japanese traditions
tradition = [C,U] a belief, custom or way of doing sth that has existed for a long time among a particular group of people:a set of these belief or customs
※ tradition は可算・不可算両方の形がある。
○ The british are said to love tradition.
○ There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve.
愛国心
patriotism
a sense of patriotism
a spirit of patriotism
若者に愛国心を教え込む
to instill a sense of patriotism in the young.
伝統と文化を尊重する態度
an attitde that respects tradition and culture
※ culture も可算・不可算両方の形がある。
culture = [U] the customs and beliefs, art, way of life and social organization of a particular country or group
○ European / Islamic / American culture
culture = [C] a country, group, etc. with its own beliefs, etc
○ The children are taught to respect different cultures.
伝統の尊重
respect for tradition
※ 尊重の意味では不可算名詞。respect には ADMIRATION、CONSIDERATION その他の意味がありますが、ここでは CONSIDERATION の意味になるでしょうか。正確には分かりません。。
respect =
1. ADMIRATION [U] when you admire someone, especially because of their personal qualities, knowledge, or skills
○ I have the greatest respect for Jane's work.
2. CONSIDERATION [U] when you regard something or someone as improtant and are careful not to harm them, treat them rudely etc
○ He has no respect for her feelings.
○ Everyone has a right to be treated with respect.
表記する
to define
The government submitted a bill to the Diet Friday that will revise the Fundamental Law of Education for the first time since its enactment in 1947 to include fostering "patriotism."
While the bill retains the wording of "on the basis of the spirit of the Constitution" in its preamble, it adds calls for "public spirit and respect for tradition," and a newly defined notion of "patriotism" in one article.
The bill defines patriotism as "an attitude that respects tradition and culture, loves the nation and homeland that have fostered them, respects other countries and contributes to international peace and development.
The current education law says in its preamble that education must respect individual dignity, aim at raising people who will aspire for truth and peace, and seek universal and characteristic culture.
Conservative groups say the law, enacted shorlty after Word War Ⅱ, fails to usrge educators in their work to encourage a spirt of patriotism and respect for tradition, and have long called for it to be revised.
Opponents argue that a revision might lead to a revival of the sort of nationalism that led to militarism before and during the war.
忍者ブログ [PR]
