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  <channel>
  <title>英語なんでもノート</title>
  <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/</link>
  <atom10:link xmlns:atom10="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" href="https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/RSS/" />
  <description>英語上級レベルを目指して独学中の管理人が立ち上げたブログ。
新しく覚えた英単語や英語表現、その他もろもろを
書きつづっていきます。</description>
  <lastBuildDate>Sun, 07 May 2006 06:00:05 GMT</lastBuildDate>
  <language>ja</language>
  <copyright>© Ninja Tools Inc.</copyright>
  <atom10:link xmlns:atom10="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" rel="hub" href="http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/" />

    <item>
    <title>タバコと肥満と運動不足</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[健康問題と医療費に関する記事（The Daily Yomiuri、ソースはKyodo News）から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現を少しだけ _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。<br />
<br />
<br />
Japanese who smoke, are overweight and do not exercise enough pay 40 percent more on healthcare than those without these risk factors, according to the findings of a long-term health ministry study released Saturday.<br />
<br />
<br />
たばこを吸う日本人<hr>Japanese who smoke<br />
Japanese smokers<br />
<br />
<br />
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太りすぎ（肥満）の日本人<hr>Japanese who are overweight<br />
<br />
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しっかり運動しない日本人<hr>Japanese who do not exercise enough<br />
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<br />
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危険因子<hr>risk factors<br />
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～の結果<hr>the findings<br />
<br />
※ the results もよく出てきます。finding<strong>s</strong>, result<strong>s</strong> といつも複数形になっています。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
健康管理<hr>healthcare<br />
<br />
health care = [U] the service that is responsible for looking after the health of all the people in a country or an area<br />
<br />
○ The government has promised wide-ranging health care for all.<br />
<br />
※ healthcare, health care どちらでもいいようですが、英英辞典では health care で health と care が離れています。<br />
<br />
<br />
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喫煙(smoking)<br />
<br />
と<br />
<br />
肥満(being overweight, obesity)<br />
<br />
と<br />
<br />
運動不足(lack of exercise)<br />
<br />
は<br />
<br />
健康を損ねる３つの危険因子(three risk factors that can damage your health)<br />
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不健康な生活スタイル<hr>an unhealthy lifestyle<br />
<br />
<br />
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不健康な生活習慣<hr>unhealthy lifestyle habits<br />
]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%90%E3%82%B3%E3%81%A8%E8%82%A5%E6%BA%80%E3%81%A8%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E4%B8%8D%E8%B6%B3</link>
    <pubDate>Sun, 07 May 2006 06:00:05 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/83</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>米軍再編問題に関する記事から</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[米軍再編問題に関する記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。既に知っている語句や表現も、記憶の定着のために再度 _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しています。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
沖縄県の稲嶺恵一知事<hr>Okinawa Gov. Keiichi Inamine<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～に反対している<hr>be opposed to ～<br />
<br />
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米海兵隊普天間飛行場<hr>the U.S. Marine Corps' Futenma Air Station<br />
<br />
<br />
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米海兵隊普天間飛行場を移設する計画<hr>a plan to relocate the U.S. Marine Corps' Futenma Air Station<br />
<br />
<br />
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キャンプ・シュワブ<hr>the Camp Shwab<br />
the U.S. Marine Corps' Camp Shwab<br />
<br />
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名護市のキャンプ・シュワブ<hr>the Camp Shwab in Nago<br />
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キャンプ・シュワブ沿岸部<hr>the coastal area of the Camp Shwab<br />
<br />
<br />
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米海兵隊普天間飛行場をキャンプ・シュワブ沿岸部に移設する計画<hr>a plan to relocate the U.S. Marine Corps' Futenma Air Station to the coastal are of the Camp Shwab<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
沖縄県の稲嶺恵一知事は、米海兵隊普天間飛行場をキャンプ・シュワブ沿岸部に移設する計画に反対している。<hr>Okinawa Gov. Keiichi Inamine is opposed to a plan to relocate the U.S. Marine Corps' Futenma Air Station to the coastal area of the Camp Shwab.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
暫定ヘリポート<hr>a tentative heliport<br />
<br />
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暫定ヘリポートを建設する<hr>to build a tentative heliport<br />
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キャンプ・シュワブに暫定ヘリポートを建設する<hr>to build a tetative heliport at the Camp Shwab<br />
<br />
<br />
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稲嶺知事は政府に、キャンプ・シュワブに暫定ヘリポートを建設するよう要求した。<hr>Inamine asked the government to build a tentative heliport at the Camp Shwab (as an emergency measure to deal with safety issues for residents near the Futenma Air Station in Ginowan).<br />
<br />
<br />
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安全問題<hr>safety issues<br />
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安全問題に対処する<hr>to deal with safety issues<br />
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沖縄の基地問題<hr>the Okinawa base issue<br />
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地元の人々<hr>(the) local people<br />
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地元の人々の理解を得る<hr>to gain understanding from the local people<br />
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Under the plan, the Futenma base's heliport functions are to be relocated to a facility to be built using part the coastal area of the Camp Shwab, and 8,000 of the 18,000 U.S. marines in Okinawa Prefecture will be moved to Guam by 2014.<br />
<br />
<br />
"The basis of the Okinawa base issue is how we can remove the risk of the Futenma Air Station," he added.<br />
<br />
<br />
Inamine positively rated the substance of the deal.]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E7%B1%B3%E8%BB%8D%E5%86%8D%E7%B7%A8%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89</link>
    <pubDate>Fri, 05 May 2006 02:06:31 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/82</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>大学生のフリーターに関する意識</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[大学生のフリーターに関する意識についての記事（The Daily Yomiuri）から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現を少し _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。自分なりに少し編集している箇所もあります。<span style="color:#000066">紺色の部分は記事からそのまま抜粋した英文です</span>。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#000066">Forty percent of Japanese college students say they would accept becoming "freeters," or those who live on a series of temporary jobs, to realize their dreams, but nearly half of their parents do not like the idea, a recent survey showed Tuesday.</span><br />
<br />
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日本の大学生<hr>Japanese college students<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
フリーター<hr>freeters<br />
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フリーターになる<hr>to become freeters<br />
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<br />
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一時的な仕事（つまり短期のアルバイトなど）<hr>temporary jobs<br />
<br />
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一時的な仕事の連続<hr>a series of temporary jobs<br />
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一時的な仕事を転々として生活する<hr>live on a series of temporary jobs<br />
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夢<hr>dreams<br />
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夢を実現する、かなえる<hr>to realize (one's) dreams<br />
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最近の調査<hr>a recent survey <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
日本の大学生の40%が、自分の夢を実現するためならフリーターになってもいい考えていることが最近の調査で分かった。<hr>A recent survey showed that forty percent of Japanese college students say they would accept becoming "freeters" to realize their dreams.<br />
<br />
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彼らの親の約半数はこの考を良く思っていない。<hr>Nearly half of their parents do not like the idea.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#000066">For the survey, Tokyo University in Bunkyo Ward, Tokyo, polled 2,801 of about 7,400 freshmen and 1,525 parents. Freeter is a Japanese coinage from the English word "free" and the German word "arbeiter" meaning worker.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
造語<hr>(a) coinage<br />
<br />
coinage = [C,U] a word or phrase that has been invented recently; the process of inventing a word or phrase<br />
<br />
○ new coinages<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
英語の"フリー"<hr>the English word "free"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
ドイツ語で労働者という意味の"アルバイター"<hr>the German word "albeiter" meaning worker<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
"フリーター"は日本で生まれた造語で、英語の"フリー"と、ドイツ語で労働者という意味の"アルバイター"から来ている。<hr>Freeter is a Japanese coinage from the English word "free" and the German word "albeiter" meaning worker.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#000066">On the idea of becoming freeters, 40 percent of newly enrolled students said it is "acceptable if that is necessary to realize dreams," followed by 34 percent who said it "cannot be helped if they can't find regular jobs because of the tough labor marker."</span><br />
<br />
<br />
新入生<hr>newly enrolled students<br />
<br />
※ 先にでてきた freshmen の言い換え。新聞記事では、同じ言葉はできるだけ使わず、類語などで言い換える場合が多いようです。<br />
<br />
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夢を実現するために必要ならいい。<hr>It is acceptable if that is necessary to realize dreams.<br />
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<br />
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新入生の40%が、「夢を実現するために必要なら（フリーターになっても）いい」と答えた（と言った）。<hr>40% of newly enrolled students said it is "acceptable if that is necessary to realize dreams."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
正社員としての仕事<hr>regular jobs<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
厳しい労働市場<hr>the tough labor market<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
厳しい労働市場のせいで正社員としての仕事が見つからなければ仕方がない。<hr>It cannot be helped if they can't find regular jobs because of the tough labor marker.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
（新入生の）34%が、「厳しい労働市場のせいで正社員としての仕事が見つからなければ仕方がない。」と答えた（と言った）。<hr>34 percent said it "cannot be helped if they can't find regular jobs because of the tough labor marker."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color:#000066">Sixty percent of the studnets said they oppose becoming freeters "under any circumstances."</span><br />
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絶対に、どんな事情があっても<hr>under any circumstances<br />
<br />
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学生の16%が「絶対に」フリーターにはならないと答えた（と言った）。<hr>Sixty percent of the studnets said they oppose becoming freeters "under any circumstances."<br />
]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E7%94%9F%E3%81%AE%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98</link>
    <pubDate>Thu, 04 May 2006 14:23:28 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/81</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>「黄砂」についての記事から</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[<a href="http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/20060503TDY01002.htm" target="_blank">黄砂についての記事</a>（The Daily Yomiuri）から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... してみました。自分なりに少し編集している箇所もあります。<br />
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黄砂<hr>yellow sand<br />
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砂漠<hr>(a) desert<br />
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★ ２つ以上の砂漠名を併記したり、固有名詞の一部として意識されない場合は小文字で表す。<br />
<br />
例: the Sahara and Gobi <strong>deserts</strong><br />
（サハラ砂漠とゴビ砂漠）<br />
<br />
※ グランドセンチュリー和英辞典第２版より<br />
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中国とモンゴルの砂漠<hr>the deserts of China and Mongoria<br />
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中国とモンゴルの砂漠から来る黄砂<hr>yellow sand from the deserts of China and Mongoria<br />
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<br />
<br />
今年は、中国とモンゴルの砂漠から来る黄砂が、記録的な速度で日本に降りかかってきている。<hr>Yellow sand from the deserts of China and Mongoria has been falling on Japan at a record pace this year.<br />
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<br />
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記録的な速度で<hr>at a record pace<br />
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record = [HIGHEST / BEST] [C] the best result or the highest or lowest level taht has ever reached, especially in sport<br />
<br />
<br />
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[砂を含む] 塵（ちり）<hr>dust<br />
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dust = [U] a fine powder that consists of very small pieces of sand, earth, etc<br />
<br />
○ A cloud of dust rose as the truck drove off.<br />
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○ The workers wears masks to avoid inhansing the dust.<br />
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※ 記事では Yello sand（黄砂）を dust に言い換えたりしています。<br />
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有害物質<hr>hazardous substances<br />
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この塵は有害物質を含んでいる。<hr>The dust contains hazardous substances.<br />
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（地球規模の）気候変動<hr>global climate change<br />
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※ 英文記事では冠詞無しでした。<br />
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～が増えている、増加している<hr>～ is on the increase<br />
～is on the rise<br />
～has been increasing<br />
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※ 最後の ～ has been increasing の方が口語では普通に使われるとどこかで聞いた記憶があります。<br />
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～が原因で<hr>due to～<br />
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気候変動が原因で塵が増えてきている。<hr>The dust is on the increase due to global climate change.<br />
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～が見られた<hr>～was found<br />
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4月18日、東京で６年ぶりに黄砂が見られた。Yellow sand was found in Tokyo on April 18 for the first time in six years.<br />
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健康被害、健康上有害なもの<hr>health hazards<br />
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健康被害をもたらす<hr>to pose health hazards<br />
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現象<hr>a phenomenon<br />
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phenomenon = a fact or event in nature or society, especially on that is not fully understood<br />
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この現象は健康被害をもたらす可能性がある。<hr>The phenomenon could pose health hazards.<br />
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この現象は車や洗濯物を汚してしまう。<hr>The phenomenon dirties vehicles and laundry.<br />
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砂漠化<hr>desertification<br />
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<br />
<br />
この現象は主に中国とモンゴルで進んでいる砂漠化が原因。<hr>The phenomenon is largely due to increasing desertification in China and Mongoria.<br />
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<br />
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もともと～に存在する<hr>to originate in～<br />
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乾燥地域<hr>arid areas<br />
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arid = (of land or a climate) having little or no rain: very dry<br />
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○ arid and semi-arid deserts<br />
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ゴビ砂漠<hr>the Gobi Desert<br />
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黄土高原<hr>the Ocher Plateau<br />
<br />
ocher = [U] <br />
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1.a type of red or yellow earth in some paints and dyes<br />
<br />
2.the red or yellow colour of ocher<br />
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黄土（絵の具の原料）；黄土色、オークル色<br />
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※ 発音は <strong>オウ</strong>カー<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
黄砂は元々、ゴビ砂漠や黄土高原などの乾燥地域に存在する。<hr>Yello sand originates in arid areas such as the Gobi Desert and the Ocher Plateau.<br />
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塵の塊<hr>clouds of dust<br />
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（風などでふわりと）持ち上げられる、吹き上げられる<hr>be wafted up<br />
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waft = to move, or make sth move, gently through the air<br />
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数千メートル<hr>several thousands of meters<br />
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～に乗る<hr>ride～<br />
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偏西風<hr>a westerly<br />
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westerly = a wind that blows from the west<br />
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偏西風の流れ<hr>westerly air currents<br />
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ちりの塊（黄砂）は（風によって）数千メートル吹き上げられて偏西風の流れに乗り日本にやってくる。<hr>Clouds of dust are wafted up several thousands meters and ride westerly air currents to Japan.<br />
<br />
<br />
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（雪などが）溶ける<hr>to thaw<br />
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thaw = (of ice or snow) to turn back into water after being frozen<br />
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○ The snow started to thaw as the temperature kept up.<br />
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（風などによって）巻上げられる<hr>be whirled up<br />
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whirl = to move, or make sb/sth move, around quickly in a circle or in a particular direction<br />
<br />
※ whirl には自動詞と他動詞２つの用法があります。ですので自動詞用法で Leaves whirled in the wind. などと言うこともできます。<br />
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強風<hr>strong winds<br />
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最適な条件<hr>optimum conditions<br />
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～に最適な条件を作る<hr>to create optimum conditions for～<br />
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Between March and May, after snow thaws, the sand is easily whirled up by win. Strong winds also coincide with the period, creating optimum conditions for dispersing the sand.<br />
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砂嵐<hr>sandstorms<br />
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視界<hr>visivility<br />
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視界を低下させる<hr>to restrict visivility<br />
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視界が１キロ以下に低下する激しい砂嵐<hr>sandstorms restricting visivility to less than one kilometer<br />
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In China, sandstoms restricting visivility to less than one kilometer has become a concern for people.<br />
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地球観測衛星<hr>an Earth Observatory satellite <br />
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米航空宇宙局<hr>the U.S. National Aeronotics and Space Administration<br />
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米航空宇宙局の地球観測衛星<hr>an Earth Observatory satellite of the U.S. National Aeronotics and Space Administration<br />
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<br />
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日本に向かう<hr>to move over Japan<br />
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<br />
～をとらえる<hr>to spot～<br />
<br />
<br />
An Earth Observatory satellite of the U.S. National Aeronotics and Space Administration spotted the same sandstrom moving over Japan.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
自然現象<hr>a natural phenomenon<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
緊張を高める<hr>to fuel tensions<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
影響を受ける国々<hr>affected countries<br />
<br />
<br />
The natural phenomenon could fuel tensions among affected countries.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
工業化する<hr>to industrialize<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
急速に工業化する<hr>to rapidly industrialize<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
大気汚染<hr>air pollution<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
大気汚染を生み出す<hr>to create air pollution<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
環境問題<hr>environmental problems<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
空気を汚す<hr>to contaminate the air<br />
<br />
<br />
As China rapidly industrializes, it has been criticized for creating air pollution and other environmental problems that are contaminating the air of other parts of the world.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
北米<hr>North America<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～を運ぶ<hr>to carry～<br />
<br />
<br />
2001年には、黄砂は北米にまで運ばれた。<hr>In 2001, the sand was carried all the way to North Korea.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
最近の研究によると<hr>resent studies show that～<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
大気汚染物質<hr>air pollutants<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
最近の研究によると、黄砂は大気汚染物質を含んでいる。<hr>Recent studies show that yellow sand carries air pollutants.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～のせいと考えられる～、と関連付けることができる<hr>be attributable to ～<br />
<br />
attributable = (written) probably caused by the thing mentinoned<br />
<br />
○ Their illnesses are attributable to a poor diet.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
増加する黄砂は、中国で発生してる砂漠化のせいと考えられる。<hr>The increasing yellow sand is attributable to the desertification occuring in China.<br />
<br />
<br />
Problems of yellow sand and desertification became evident in the 1990s when the Three Gorges Dam project aimed at controlling the Chang Jiang river was launched.<br />
<br />
It it hard to predict an upsurge in yellow sandstorms.]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E3%80%8C%E9%BB%84%E7%A0%82%E3%80%8D%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89</link>
    <pubDate>Wed, 03 May 2006 09:35:11 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/80</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>竹島問題関連の記事から</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[竹島問題関連の記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
韓国の与党ウリ党議長、鄭東泳(チョン・ドンヨン)<hr>Chung Dong Yong, the leader of South Korea's ruling Uri Party<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
ウリ党の議長<hr>The Uri Party chief<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～を（少しの間）訪問する<hr>to make a (brief) trip to<br />
<br />
※ take a trip, make a trip ２つの表現がありますが、make a trip は仕事でどこかに訪問するときに使われるとどこかで読んだ記憶があります。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
彼は日本海にある竹島を（少しの間）訪問した。<hr>He made a brief trip to the Takeshima islets in the Sea of Japan.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
彼は、「独島の問題は単なる領土問題ではなく、歴史問題である。」と言ったとされている。<hr>He was quoted as saying "the Dokudo issue is not simply a matter of territory but a matter of history."<br />
<br />
※ 「独島」は、別の記事では Tokudo とつづられていましたが、今回は Dokudo となっていました。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
竹島は韓国に実行支配されている。<hr>The (Takeshima) islets are controlled by South Korea (,but are claimed by both countries).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国際的な領土問題<hr>an international territorial dispute<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
侵略戦争<hr>the war of aggression<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
犯罪の歴史<hr>the history of crimes<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
侵略戦争時に行われた犯罪の歴史<hr>its(Japan's) history of crimes commited during the war of aggression<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～に等しい<hr>be tantamount to -ing<br />
<br />
tantamount = (written) having the same bad effect with sth else<br />
<br />
○ I he resigned it would be tantamount to admitting that he was guilty.<br />
<br />
類語：be equivalent to ～<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
侵略戦争時に行われた犯罪の歴史を正当化するに等しい<hr>It would be tantamount to justifying its history of crimes commited during the war of aggression.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
朝鮮半島<hr>the Korean Peninsula<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
日本による朝鮮半島の侵略と占領<hr>Japan's invasion and occupation of the Korean Peninsula (before and during Word War Ⅱ).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
第二次世界大戦時と前<hr>before and during World War Ⅱ<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
"[South Korea] should sternly push back Japan's attempt to turn it into an international territorial dispute. Koreans should defend Dokdo for themselves at any cost," he added, according to the Yonhap report.<br />
<br />
The Uri Party chief's message was in line with South Korean President Roh Moo Hyun's special adddress last week, in which he said Japan's claim over the islands is tantamount to "justifying its history of crimes commited during the war of aggression."<br />
<br />
Roh was apparently reffering to Japan's invasion and occupation of the Korean Peninsula before and during Worl War Ⅱ.]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E7%AB%B9%E5%B3%B6%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89</link>
    <pubDate>Tue, 02 May 2006 13:23:11 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/79</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>大学院抜本改革の記事から</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[<a href="http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/20060501TDY01002.htm" target="_blank">大学院抜本改革の記事</a>から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現を _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。自分なりに編集している箇所もあります。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
より良い研究（学習）環境<hr>a better study environment<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
より良い研究環境を作る<hr>to create a better study environment<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
大学院生<hr>graduate students<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
若い研究者<hr>young researchers<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
大学院生や若い研究者のためにより良い研究環境を作る<hr>to create a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
文部科学省<hr>the Education, Science and Technology Ministry<br />
the Education Ministry<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
５ヵ年計画<hr>a five-year program<br />
a five-year project<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
「大学院教育振興施策要綱」<hr>"An Outlook of Measures Necessary for the Promotion of Postgraduate Education"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
文部科学省は「大学院教育振興施策要綱」という５ヵ年計画を発表した。<hr>The Education Ministry has announced a five-year program called "An Outlook of Measures Necessary for the Promotion of Postgraduate Education."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
この計画は、大学院生や若い研究者のためにより良い研究環境を作ることを目的としている。<hr>The program/project is aimed at creating a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国際競争力<hr>international competitiveness<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
日本の国際競争力<hr>Japan's internatnional competitiveness<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国際競争力を向上させる<hr>to stimulate international competitiveness<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
日本の国際競争力を高める<hr>to boos Japan's international competitiveness<br />
<br />
<br />
The Education Ministry is planning to creat a better study environment for graduate students and young researchers.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～は～するためのもの<hr>～ is meant to ～<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
この計画は～するためのもの<hr>The programn is meant to～<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
「講座制」<hr>"the academic unit system"<br />
<br />
※ 「講座制」とは、専門分野ごとに講座を設け、教授を頂点に助教授、助手らを配置して教育研究を進める制度。<br />
<br />
Under the academic unit system, the head professer in each specialty has a dominant say over assistant professers and other research assistants in his unint regarding personnel affairs and research methods.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
従来の「講座制」<hr>the conventional "academic unit system"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
"徒弟制度"<hr>"the apprenticeship-like system"<br />
<br />
apprentice = a young person who works for an employer for a fixed period of time in order to learn the particular skills needed in their job<br />
<br />
○ an appretice electricial/chef<br />
<br />
見習い、（史）徒弟<br />
<br />
<br />
apprenticeship = a period of time working as an apprentice; a job as an apprentice<br />
<br />
※ 発音はア<strong>プレン</strong>ティシップです。アプレンティスシップではありません。<br />
<br />
○ She was in the second year of apprenticesbip as a carpenter<br />
<br />
○ She had <strong>served his apprenticeship </strong>as a plumber.<br />
<br />
<br />
以下読売新聞記事からの抜粋：<br />
<br />
日本の大学院はこれまで教育より研究を重視する傾向が強く、研究室では大学院生や若手研究者が教授の手伝いを通じ、自然に知識を身につけるという「徒弟修行」の考え方が根強く残っていた。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
この制度の元で、大学院生と若い研究者は教授の助手となり専門知識を身につけることになっている。<hr>Under the system, graduate students and young researchers are supposed to acquire expert knowledge by being assistants to senior professors.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
この制度を廃止する<hr>to end the system<br />
to abolish the system<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
この計画はこの制度を廃止するためのもの。<hr>The program is meant to end the system.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
教授<hr>professors<br />
<br />
※ 階層の中でトップに立つ教授という意味では the head professor<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
助教授<hr>assistant professors<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
助手<hr>research assistants<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
教授が若い研究者をこき使う<hr>A professor bosses around younger researchers.<br />
<br />
boss around = to tell sb to do things, give them orders etc, especially when you have no authority to do it<br />
<br />
A professer bosses around younger researchers under the system.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
教授のために雑務をさせられるとこぼす人もいる。<hr>Some are complaining that they are made to do odd jobs for their professors.<br />
<br />
odd jobs = small jobs of various types<br />
<br />
○ to do odd jobs around the house<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
教授が勝手に自分の研究内容を決めてしまうとぼやく人もいる。<hr>Others are complaining that their head professors monopolizes decisions on the content of their research.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
教授の低賃金労働力として使われている感じがするとこぼす人もいる。<hr>Some are complaining that they feel like they are treated as low-paid employees of professors.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
大学院の質<hr>the quality of graduate schools<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
大学院の質を高める<hr>to enhance the quality of graduate schools<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
教育研究体制<hr>education-research systems<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
新たな教育研究体制を作る<hr>to create new education-research systemts<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
これによって各大学・大学院は新たな教育研究体制を作ることができる。<hr>It allows universities to create new education-research systems.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
助教授の職務が廃止されるて準教授の職務が新設される。<hr>The post of assistant professors will be abolished and replaced by the new post of associate professors.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
準教授<hr>associate professors<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
財界<hr>the business community<br />
the business sector<br />
<br />
The business community has criticized the system for lacking flexibility in allowing academic knowledge to be applied for industrial purposes.<br />
]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E6%8A%9C%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89</link>
    <pubDate>Mon, 01 May 2006 14:32:45 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/78</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>日本に戦争の危険</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[「自衛隊・防衛問題に関する世論調査」の結果についての記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。自分なりに少し編集している箇所もあります。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
日本人の約４５％が、日本が戦争に巻き込まれる危険性があると感じている。<hr>About 45 persent of Japanese feel that Japan is at risk of being involved in a war.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～の危険性がある<hr>be at risk of ～<br />
<br />
at risk = in danger of sth unpleasant or harmful happening<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
内閣府<hr>the Cabinet Office<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
世論調査<hr>an opinion survey<br />
an opinion poll<br />
a poll<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
自衛隊<hr>the Self Defense Forces<br />
the SDF<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
防衛問題<hr>defense affairs<br />
<br />
affairs = [PUBLIC / POLITICAL ACTIVITIES] [pl.] events that are of public interest or political imoportance<br />
<br />
○ world / international / business affairs<br />
<br />
○ an expers on foreign affairs (=political events in other countries)<br />
<br />
current affairs = [pl.] events of political or social importance that are happening now<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
内閣府による「自衛隊・防衛問題に関する世論調査」によると<hr>According to the Cabine Office's opinion survey about the Self Defence Forces and defense affairs<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
前回2003年調査より1.8％増加した。<hr>The figure was 1.8 percentage points higher than the previous survey in 2003 (and the highest since the survey, which is conducted every three years, was statred by the Cabinet Office since 1969).<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
この調査は1969年から３年ごとに実地されている。<hr>The surver has been conducted every three years since 1969.<br />
<br />
<br />
「３年ごと」は every three years の他に every third year ともいえるようです。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
緊張<hr>tension<br />
<br />
tension = [U, C, usually pl.] a situation in which people do not trust each other, or feel unfriendly towards each other, and which may cause them to attack each other<br />
<br />
○ There is mounting tension along the border.<br />
<br />
○ international / racial / political tensions<br />
<br />
○ Family tensions and conflicts may lead to violence.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国際的な緊張や対立<hr>internatioal tension and conflicts<br />
<br />
※ 英文記事では　international <strong>tension</strong> と -s なしでした。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国連<hr>the United Nations<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国連の機能が不十分<hr>The United Nations is ineffective<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
自衛力が不十分<hr>Japan's defence capability is insufficient<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
日本の平和と安全<hr>Japan's peace and security<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
朝鮮半島<hr>the Korean Peninsula<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
朝鮮半島情勢<hr>the situation on the Krean Peninsula<br />
<br />
Some people think the greatest risk for war is internatnial tension and conflicts<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国際テロ組織<hr>internation terrorist organizations<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
中国の軍事力の近代化や海洋における活動<hr>China's military buil-up and maritime activities<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
復興支援活動<hr>reconstruction projects<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
イラク南部サマワでの復興支援活動<hr>reconstruction porjects in Samawa, sothern Iraq<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
自衛隊に対する印象<hr>(their) image of the SDF<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
防衛政策<hr>defense policies<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
国民が国を守るという気持ち<hr>a spirit that people should protect their nation<br />
<br />
Some poeole think it is necessary to discuss defense policies in education to foster a spirit that people should protect their nation.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～に関心がある<hr>be concerned about / with ～<br />
<br />
※ 私は concerned と聞くといつも「心配している」という意味だと思ってしまいますが、concerned には「心配している」という意味と、「（何かが重要だと思っていて）関心がある」という２つの意味があるんですよね。<br />
<br />
concerned = [THINK STH IS IMPORTANT] believing that sth is important; interested in sth<br />
<br />
○ Many politicians are more concerned with power and control than with the good of the peolple.<br />
<br />
○ They are more concerned with tourism than with preservation of the ruins.<br />
<br />
○ These days people are concerned about good nutrition.<br />
]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AB%E6%88%A6%E4%BA%89%E3%81%AE%E5%8D%B1%E9%99%BA</link>
    <pubDate>Sun, 30 Apr 2006 07:26:11 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/77</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>拉致問題関連の記事から</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[<a href="http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/world/20060430TDY01004.htm" target="_blank">拉致問題関連の記事</a>から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しました。自分なりに少し編集している箇所もあります。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～強く働きかける、圧力をかける、強く要求する、<hr>to press～<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
北朝鮮に～するよう強く働きかける、圧力をかける、強く要求する<hr>to press North Korea to～<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
～を引き渡す、返還する<hr>to return～<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
拉致被害者<hr>abductees<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
人権<hr>human rights<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
人の尊厳、個人の尊厳<hr>human dignity<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
人権と人の尊厳を尊重する<hr>to respect human rights and human dignity<br />
<br />
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<br />
ブッシュ大統領は北朝鮮に、拉致被害者を引き渡し、人権を尊重するよう強く働きかけると約束した。<hr>U.S. President Goearge W.Bush promised to press North Korea to return abductees and respect human rights.<br />
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亡命者<hr>defectors<br />
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defect = to leave a political partym, country, etc. to join another that is consider to be an enemy<br />
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脱北者<hr>North korean defecters<br />
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中国の日本領事館<hr>a Japanese Consulate in China<br />
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彼らは中国の日本領事館を通じて韓国に逃亡した。<hr>They fled to South Korea via a Japanese Consulate in China.<br />
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中国の日本領事館を通じて韓国に逃亡した脱北者<hr>Nore Korean defecters who fled to South Korea via a Japanese Cosulate in China.<br />
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北朝鮮工作員<hr>Nore Korean agents<br />
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横田めぐみさんは、1977年（私が生まれた歳）、13歳の頃、北朝鮮工作員に拉致された。<hr>Megumi Yokota was abducted by Nore Korean agents at the age of 13 in 1977 (, which is the year when I was born).<br />
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拉致問題<hr>the abduction issue<br />
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拉致問題を解決する<hr>to resolve the abduction issue<br />
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金正日（キム・ジョンイル）<hr>Kim Jong Il<br />
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ホワイトハウスの大統領執務質<hr>the Oval Office<br />
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大統領執務室で<hr>in the Oval Office<br />
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彼らは大統領執務室でブッシュ大統領と会った。<hr>They met Bush in the Oval Office.]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E6%8B%89%E8%87%B4%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89</link>
    <pubDate>Sun, 30 Apr 2006 04:52:12 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/76</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>「少し生き急ぎすぎたかな・・。」</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[堀江被告関連の記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現を少し _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... してみました。過去に覚えた語句や表現も、記憶を定着させるために再度 _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... しています。自分なりに編集している箇所もあります。<br />
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ライブドア前社長 堀江貴文<hr>former Livedoor Co. Presiden Takafumi Horie<br />
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堀江被告はライブドア（の経営陣の中）にはもう戻らないと言ったらしい。<hr>They say Horie has said that he will not return to the management of Livedoor.<br />
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※ management には、経営、経営陣、両方の意味がありますが、私は後者の意味で解釈しました。<br />
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management = <br />
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1.[U] the act of running and controlling a business or simlar organization<br />
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○ The report blames bad management.<br />
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○ a management training course<br />
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2.[C+sing./pl.v.,U] the people who run and control a business or similar organization<br />
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○ The management is/are considering closing the factory.<br />
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○ The shop is now <strong>under new management</strong>.<br />
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○ Most managements are keen to avoid strikes.<br />
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インターネット会社<hr>an Internet firm<br />
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堀江被告は、「ライブドアの経営にかかわるつもりはない。」と言ったといわれている。<hr>"I won't get involved in the management of Livedoor (in the future)," Horie was quoted as saying.<br />
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※ この be quoted as saying は新聞では頻繁にでてきます。ジーニアス英和辞典に以下の用例ででています。<br />
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○ He was quated as saying that he would run for the President.<br />
（彼は大統領に立候補すると言ったと（新聞などに）出ていた。<br />
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東京の拘置所<hr>a detention facility in Tokyo<br />
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東京拘置所<hr>the Tokyo Detention House<br />
the Tokyo Detention Center<br />
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彼は逮捕後、社長を辞任した。<hr>He stepped down as president after the arrest.<br />
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彼は「少し生き急ぎすぎたかな。」と言ったといわれている。<hr>He was quoted as saying "I might have been (a little) too hasty in living my life (until now)."<br />
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公判<hr>trial<br />
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trial = [U,C] a formal examination of evidence in a court of law by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not<br />
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○ He is <strong>on trial </strong>for murder.<br />
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○ He is awaiting trial on corruption charges.<br />
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彼は公判の準備をしている。<hr>He is preparing for trial.<br />
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公判は夏に行われる見込み<hr>The trial is expected to take place in summer.<br />
]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E3%80%8C%E5%B0%91%E3%81%97%E7%94%9F%E3%81%8D%E6%80%A5%E3%81%8E%E3%81%99%E3%81%8E%E3%81%9F%E3%81%8B%E3%81%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%BB%E3%80%82%E3%80%8D</link>
    <pubDate>Sat, 29 Apr 2006 14:38:10 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/75</guid>
  </item>
    <item>
    <title>教育基本法改正案に関する記事から</title>
    <description>
    <![CDATA[教育基本法改正案に関する記事から、覚えておこうと思った語句や表現をランダムに _ψ(‥ ) ｶｷｶｷ... してみました。<br />
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教育基本法<hr>the Fundamental Law of Education<br />
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法案<hr>a bill <br />
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～を改正する<hr>to revise<br />
to amend<br />
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revise = to change sth, such as a book or an estimate, in order to correct or improve it<br />
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amend = [vn] to change a law, document, statement, etc. slightly in order to correct a mistake or improve it<br />
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現行法<hr>the present (education) law<br />
the current (education) law<br />
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現行法は1947年に制定された。<hr>The current law was established in 1947.<br />
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現行法は第二次世界大戦後まもなく制定された。<hr>The current law was enacted shortly after World War Ⅱ.<br />
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現行法には「愛国心」が明記されていない。<hr>The present law does not mention "patriotism."<br />
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mention = to write or speak about sth/sb, especially without giving much information<br />
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国会<hr>the Diet<br />
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国会に提出する<hr>to submit to the Diet<br />
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閣議<hr>a Cabinet meeting<br />
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法案は金曜の閣議で決定した。<hr>The bill was approved at Friday's Cabinet meeting (for submission to the Diet).<br />
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18条<hr>18 articles<br />
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The bill contains 18 articles, adding and updating some notions of the Fundamental Law of Education.<br />
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前文<hr>preamble<br />
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preamble = [C,U] (formal) an introduction to a book or a written document<br />
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○ The aim of the treaty is stated in its preamble.<br />
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前文で<hr>in its preamble<br />
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公共の精神<hr>public spirit<br />
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日本の伝統<hr>Japanese traditions<br />
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tradition = [C,U] a belief, custom or way of doing sth that has existed for a long time among a particular group of people:a set of these belief or customs<br />
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※ tradition は<span style="color:#CC0000">可算・不可算両方の形</span>がある。<br />
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○ The british are said to love tradition.<br />
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○ There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve.<br />
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愛国心<hr>patriotism<br />
a sense of patriotism<br />
a spirit of patriotism<br />
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若者に愛国心を教え込む<hr>to instill a sense of patriotism in the young.<br />
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伝統と文化を尊重する態度<hr>an attitde that respects tradition and culture<br />
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※ culture も可算・不可算両方の形がある。<br />
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culture = [U] the customs and beliefs, art, way of life and social organization of a particular country or group<br />
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○ European / Islamic / American <span style="color:#CC0000">culture</span><br />
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culture = [C] a country, group, etc. with its own beliefs, etc<br />
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○ The children are taught to respect different <span style="color:#CC0000">culture<strong>s</strong></span>.<br />
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伝統の尊重<hr>respect for tradition<br />
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※ 尊重の意味では不可算名詞。respect には ADMIRATION、CONSIDERATION その他の意味がありますが、ここでは CONSIDERATION の意味になるでしょうか。正確には分かりません。。<br />
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respect = <br />
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1. ADMIRATION [U] when you admire someone, especially because of their personal qualities, knowledge, or skills<br />
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○ I have the greatest respect for Jane's work.<br />
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<span style="color:#3300FF">2. CONSIDERATION </span>[U] when you regard something or someone as improtant and are careful not to harm them, treat them rudely etc<br />
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○ He has no respect for her feelings.<br />
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○ Everyone has a right to be treated with respect.<br />
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表記する<hr>to define <br />
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The government submitted a bill to the Diet Friday that will revise the Fundamental Law of Education for the first time since its enactment in 1947 to include fostering "patriotism." <br />
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While the bill retains the wording of "on the basis of the spirit of the Constitution" in its <span style="color:#CC0000">preamble</span>, it adds calls for "public spirit and respect for <span style="color:#CC0000">tradition</span>," and a newly defined notion of "<span style="color:#CC0000">patriotism</span>" in one article.<br />
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The bill defines patriotism as "an attitude that respects tradition and culture, loves the nation and homeland that have fostered them, respects other countries and contributes to international peace and development.<br />
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The current education law says in its preamble that education must respect individual dignity, aim at raising people who will aspire for truth and peace, and seek universal and characteristic culture.<br />
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Conservative groups say the law, enacted shorlty after Word War Ⅱ, fails to usrge educators in their work to encourage a spirt of patriotism and respect for tradition, and have long called for it to be revised.<br />
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Opponents argue that a revision might lead to a revival of the sort of nationalism that led to militarism before and during the war.<br />
]]>
    </description>
    <category>最近のニュースから</category>
    <link>https://eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp/%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%B3%95%E6%94%B9%E6%AD%A3%E6%A1%88%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89</link>
    <pubDate>Sat, 29 Apr 2006 05:36:45 GMT</pubDate>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">eigo2006.blog.shinobi.jp://entry/74</guid>
  </item>

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